Answers to common labor and delivery questions
As you get closer to your due date, you may start thinking more about labor and delivery — and you likely have questions, especially if it’s your first child. At HCA Florida Healthcare, we want you to feel as confident and prepared as possible for your birth, which is why we also offer a variety of classes to prepare you for your experience and encourage you to schedule an in-person tour.
What are the stages of labor?
During labor, your body prepares to give birth. There are three main stages of labor during vaginal delivery:
| Stage | Name | Duration | Description |
| Stage one | Early and active labor | 12 to 19 hours | When the baby moves into your pelvis. Your cervix thins and opens so the baby can pass through. |
| Stage two | Pushing and delivery | 20 minutes to two hours | When the baby arrives. |
| Stage three | Placenta | Five to 30 minutes | When you deliver the placenta (afterbirth). |
How can I kickstart labor?
Most women go into labor somewhere between weeks 38 and 42 of pregnancy. Unfortunately, it’s not clear what starts labor, but hormones likely play a big role.
You’ve also probably heard theories about natural ways to start labor like eating spicy foods, exercising or even having sex. It’s important to remember, however, that none of these are proven methods, so they may not work for you.
Your provider may recommend using medication to kickstart (induce) labor if they think your — or your baby’s — health is at risk.
How do I know I’m in labor?
Every labor experience is different. Some people may not realize they’re in labor, while others have more noticeable changes. It’s important to pay attention to how you feel.
As labor begins, muscles in your uterus contract to open the cervix. When the muscles contract, your stomach area tightens. This tightening is called a contraction. During labor, your contractions start and stop — and become stronger and more regular the closer you are to giving birth.
Some other signs of labor may include:
- Back pain and cramping
- Extra mucus or discharge that has a red or brown color (mucus plug)
- Feeling the baby drop lower into your pelvis (lightening)
- Fluid coming out of the vagina (water breaking)
When do I need to go to the hospital?
Always call your provider if you think you’re in labor so they can help you know when to come to the hospital. They’ll likely recommend waiting to come in until your contractions happen every five to 10 minutes for an hour.
Go to the hospital right away if:
- You experience significant vaginal bleeding
- You notice your baby moving less often
- Your pain is constant without any relief between contractions
- Your water breaks, and you don’t have contractions.
What should I add to my hospital bag?
Try to pack your hospital bag a few weeks before your due date. That way, it’s ready if labor starts early. Most hospitals have postpartum care supplies, but you’ll want to pack:
- Car seat for bringing your baby home
- Clothes, socks and slippers to keep you comfortable
- Glasses and contacts
- Outfit for your baby to go home in
- Paperwork (ID, insurance card and birth plan)
- Pillows and blankets, if you prefer your own
- Phone and charger
- Snacks and water
- Toiletries for showering and brushing your teeth
What are my options for pain relief?
Talk to your provider before labor and delivery about your pain relief options, so you can ask for what you need.
There are two main types of pain medication for labor and delivery:
- Analgesics, which lessen pain but don’t stop all of it.
- Anesthetics, which block feeling and pain. The most common childbirth anesthetic in the U.S. is an epidural, which you can get soon after your contractions start.
You also can try non-medication options for pain relief. Examples include relaxation and guided breathing, meditation, different positions and a bath or shower.
Can I eat during labor?
You should ask your provider about eating and drinking during labor. For some, it may help with energy. For others, it could be risky, especially if you may have a cesarean section.
How do I know when to push?
Your provider will tell you to start pushing when your cervix is open to at least 10 centimeters. You’ll likely push several times with each contraction to help move the baby through the birth canal and may feel lots of pressure.
Once the baby is out, your provider or partner will cut the umbilical cord. Then, you’ll deliver the placenta.
What if there are complications during labor or delivery?
If you have a complication, your provider will watch it closely and intervene if needed. The goal is always to keep you and your baby safe.
Find the pregnancy care you need
As one of the largest healthcare providers in the state, our extensive network is home to everyone from OB/GYNs and midwives to high-risk pregnancy doctors and neonatologist.
